【英語多益通】想知道米其林誰摘星?先學會這3個字
文/Buffy Kao
以評鑑美食餐廳聞名的米其林即將推出《臺北米其林指南》,這次的米其林指南除了有推薦臺北各種美食的樣貌和特色外,還會介紹地方特色小吃,今天我們就來看看臺灣美食如何吸引米其林的青睞,學三個多益必考單字,或許下次你也可以和外國友人聊聊臺菜,推銷臺灣美食!
be famous for 因爲~而聞名
Michelin, which is famous for favoring French and Japanese fine dining for its starred designations, has begun to honor the street food that is integral to the dining cultures in the Asian cities it covers.(米其林因偏好法式和日式精緻美食並賦予星號而聞名,現在已經開始賦予榮耀光環給街頭美食,因爲它們在亞洲城市裡可說是精緻美食重要的一環。)
be famous for這個片語常見,大家應該很熟悉。後面介係詞有兩種,如果是「for~」,後面就要接聞名的理由,如文中說米其林因爲後面這件事情而爲人所知;若是加上「as~」,那就要接上作爲什麼身份而聞名。
例句:She is famous as the girl who saved the school.(她因爲救了學校而出名。)
例句中的「as~」接的the girl who saved the school就是這個女孩出名的身份,當然也可以改寫成She is famous for saving the school,因爲介係詞後面只能接名詞,這邊我們將save改成動名詞saving才符合文法規則,如同文中將favor這個動詞改成動名詞favoring是一樣的道理。
記住由於as後面接的都是一種身份,因此一定都是接一個單純的名詞,這樣在考試時你就可以根據後面接的詞性及單詞的特性來判斷選題了。多益更新題型的閱讀部分注重同義詞的判斷,建議想要應考的考生建立同義詞匯列表幫助自己記憶。
Famous同義詞:well-known、celebrated、famed、renowned、noted、notable、respected等,另外也可以用動詞片語have made a name for oneself來表達某人物很知名。
designation (n.)任命、指定
這個名詞是從designate (v.)動詞變化而來,有任命指定等意。而designated driver就是所謂的指定駕駛,用designated作爲形容詞有被指定的意思,是個把過去分詞作爲形容詞的用法。形容詞爲designative,剛好和名詞相對,「-tion」是名詞變化,而「-tive」是形容詞變化,若是人的名詞變化則是designator,字尾「-or」通常是表示人的意思。
例句:He thinks the local government should designate one or two protest sites and leave the demonstrators alone. (他認爲政府應該指定一到兩個抗議地點,然後不去打擾抗議遊行者。)
Designate同義詞:appoint、nominate、delegate、select、choose、pick、decide one、settle on、name、assign等。這些都有選擇指定之意,其中appoint算是多益高頻率動詞,大家可把握機會複習。
be integral to對~很重要的
請大家記住integral這個單字,因爲它也是多益高頻率單字。integral是來自integrate(v.)這個動詞的形容詞變化,integrate爲結合的意思。
例句:The calculating mechanism is integrated into the whole accounting system.(這個計算機制被納入整個會計系統。)
注意例句中integrated的用法要有into這個介係詞,into後面接的the whole accounting system,是用來表示範圍較大的系統,這句英文是用被動態來表達,若是用主動表達,就要有明確的行爲者。
例句:The company integrates the calculating mechanism into the whole accounting system. (這間公司將這個計算機制納入整個會計系統。)
只要把握基本概念原則,你就可以自由的變化語態了!Integration(n.)是integral的名詞變化,而integrative(adj.)則是形容詞變化,意思跟動詞類似「結合的。」
Integral同義詞:essential、fundamental、necessary、vital、important等。
多益模擬試題:
November 4 - Attention All Staff:Please be advised that there will be a fire drill on November 5th, at 2 p.m. When the fire alarm sounds, please proceed to the designated assembly or meeting areas on St. John's Square and Porter's Avenue in an orderly manner. Please be aware that the old assembly zone on Main Street has been abandoned. Please use the fire exits and do not attempt to operate the lift. Your fire wardens, Jake Daniels and Alison Moyes will be on hand to offer you assistance and take a headcount once the evacuation is complete.
1. What is the purpose of this memo?(A) To appoint fire wardens.(B) To notify staff of tomorrow's fire drill.(C) To have all staff evacuate immediately.(D) To brief staff on safety regulations.
2. What area(s) should they all go to?(A) St. John's Square, Porter's Avenue and Main Street.(B) St. John's Square.(C) Main Street.(D) St. John's Square and Porter's Avenue.
解析:1. 題意爲「這個備忘錄的目的爲何?」請大家先注意第一句的Please be advised that there will be a fire drill on November 5th, at 2 p.m.「請注意在11月五日下午兩點的時候會有一場消防演習。」從題目去了解,可發現這是個公司內部溝通用的備忘錄,而備忘錄的目的就是通知員工事情,因此我們可以得知這備忘錄是要告知員工有一場消防演習,內文應該就是注意事項等。因此答案要選(B)To notify the staff of tomorrow’s fire drill「通知員工明天的消防演習。」爲何答案是tomorrow「明天」呢?因爲備忘錄發出的日期爲November 4,而演習時間爲November 5th,因此選項(B)爲正確答案。
2. 題意爲「員工在演習時應該要前往什麼區域?」這題明顯爲細節題,通常細節題只要在內文尋找相關字句就很容易找到答案。Please proceed to the designated assembly or meeting areas on St. John's Square and Porter's Avenue in an orderly manner(請依序前往指定區域或是在St. John廣場和Porter’s大道的會議區域。)從這句很明顯就可以看出選項(D) St. John's Square and Porter's Avenue爲正確答案。而這題要注意的是不能選(A),因爲文中有提到Please be aware that the old assembly zone on Main Street has been abandoned(請着在Main街道的舊集會區已經遭到棄置。)也就是Main Street已不再能去,故不能選 (A)。